Gandhi the educator

Gandhi was a prolific writer. One of Gandhi's earliest publications, Hind SwaraJ, published in Gujarati in 1909, is recognised[by whom? ] as the intellectual blueprint of India's freedom movement. The book was translated into English the next year, with a copyright legend that read â€Å"No Rights Reserved†. [206] For decades he edited several newspapers including Harijan in Gujarati, in Hindi and in the English language; Indian Opinion while in South Africa and, Young India, in English, and NavaJivan, a Gujarati monthly, on his return to India.Later, Nava]ivan was also published in Hindi. In addition, he wrote letters almost every day to individuals and newspapers. [207] Gandhi also wrote several books including his autobiography, The Story of My Experiments with Truth (GuJar ¤ti â€Å"acuu our-us-ed†), of which he bought the entire first edition to make sure it was reprinted. [77] His other autobiographies included: Satyagraha in South Africa about his struggle ther e, Hind SwaraJ or Indian Home Rule, a political pamphlet, and a paraphrase in Gujarati of John Ruskin's Unto This Last. 208] This last essay can be considered his programme on economics. He also wrote extensively on vegetarianism, diet and health, religion, ocial reforms, etc. Gandhi usually wrote in Gujarat', though he also revised the Hindi and English translations of his books. [209] Gandhi's complete works were published by the Indian government under the name The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi in the 1960s. The writings comprise about 50,000 pages published In about a hundred volumes.In 2000, a revised edition of the complete works sparked a controversy, as It constituted large number of errors and omissions. [210] The Indian government later withdrew the revised edition Concrete Definition to Alms, Goals and Objectives of Education : If education Is the foundation of all growth and progress, then alms, goals and objectives are the four Interconnected and most significant co mponents that gives direction to educational outcomes through the curricular content, syllabus and evaluations.These four components are highly Influenced by four Interconnected foundation blocks namely, epistemology (the nature of knowledge), society/culture, the Individual, and learning theories (Zals, 1976). But since alms, goals, and objectives, collectively as a component of curriculum provide direction and focus for the ntire education programme, they are particularly sensitive to these four fundamental forces. It was GandhlJl, who In 1937 first recognized the Interconnectedness of the eight curricular forces and questioned the futlllty of the British education system.Based on his wisdom and successful experiments with education In soutn ATrlca, ne put Tortn a Baslc toucatlon Plan which had the merit of achieving one aim of peace and freedom, for which all mankind yearns today. Also, recognizing the futility of a centralized plan and control in implementing programmes, he also utlined a comprehensive but decentralized model to be implemented by the village Republics. The vital objective of his model was to develop productive and social skills among the masses.To the centre, remained the overall responsibilities of coordinating and guiding the work of the states so that national policies could evolve from the grassroots. The Basic Philosophy (a) True education is all-round development of the faculties, best attained through action. It bases itself on the fact that knowledge and understanding develop in relation to problems set right by action. Information thrust on the mind only urdens the memory and causes intellectual indigestion, casting learning into oblivion. b) Education must be concrete and inter connected, not abstract or given in isolated sections. Concrete education allows the learner to manipulate problems or sets of problems and study their relationships, character and artistic sense. It allows the mind, heart, hand and eyes to work simultaneo usly in a correlated manner, resulting in a harmonious and well-balanced personality. (c) Education must be imparted in the child's mother tongue and organically connected with the child's Social and Cultural environment. Gandhi the Educator Gandhi was a prolific writer. One of Gandhi's earliest publications, Hind Swaraj, published in Gujarati in 1909, is recognised as the intellectual blueprint of India's freedom movement. The book was translated into English the next year, with a copyright legend that read â€Å"No Rights Reserved†.   For decades he edited several newspapers including Harijan in Gujarati, in Hindi and in the English language; Indian Opinion while in South Africa and, Young India, in English, and Navajivan, a Gujarati monthly, on his return to India.Later, Navajivan was also published in Hindi. In addition, he wrote letters almost every day to individuals and newspapers. Gandhi also wrote several books including his autobiography, The Story of My Experiments with Truth (GujarÄ tÄ « â€Å"à ª ¸Ã  ª ¤Ã  « Ã  ª ¯Ã  ª ¨Ã  ª ¾ à ª ªÃ  « Ã  ª °Ã  ª ¯Ã  «â€¹Ã  ªâ€"à «â€¹ à ªâ€¦Ã  ª ¥Ã  ª µÃ  ª ¾ à ªâ€ Ã  ª ¤Ã  « Ã  ª ®Ã  ªâ€¢Ã  ª ¥Ã  ª ¾Ã¢â‚¬ ), of which he bought the entire first edition to make sure it was reprinted.His other autobiographies included: Satyagraha in South Africa about his struggle there, Hind Swaraj or Indian Home Rule, a political pamphlet, and a paraphrase in Gujarati of John Ruskin's Unto This Last.   This last essay can be considered his programme on economics. He also wrote extensively on vegetarianism, diet and health, religion, social reforms, etc. Gandhi usually wrote in Gujarati, though he also revised the Hindi and English translations of his books.Gandhi's complete works were published by the Indian government under the name The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi in the 1960s. The writings comprise about 50,000 pages published in about a hundred volumes. In 2000, a revised edition of the complete works sparked a controversy, as it constituted large number of errors and omissions. The Indian government later withdrew the revised edition Concrete Definition to Aims, Goals and Objectives of Education :If education is the foundation of all growth and progress, then aims, goals and objectives are the four interconnected and most significant components that gives direction to educational outcomes through the curricular content, syllabus and evaluations.These four components are highly influenced by four interconnected foundation blocks namely, epistemology (the nature of knowledge), society/culture, the individual, and learning theories (Zais, 1976). But since aims,  goals, and objectives, collectively as a component of curriculum provide direction and focus for the entire education programme, they are particularly sensitive to these four fundamental forces. It was Gandhiji, who in 1937 first recognized the interconnectedness of the eight curricular forces and questioned the futility of the British education system. Based on his wisdom and successful experiments with education in South Africa, he put forth a Basic Education Plan which had the merit of achieving one aim of peace  and freedom, for which all mankind ye arns today.Also, recognizing the futility of a centralized plan and control in implementing programmes, he also outlined a comprehensive but decentralized model to be implemented by the village Republics. The vital objective of his model was to develop productive and social skills among the masses. To the centre, remained the overall responsibilities of coordinating and guiding the work of the states so that national policies could evolve from the grassroots.The Basic Philosophy(a) True education is all-round development of the faculties, best attained through action. It bases itself on the fact that knowledge and understanding develop in relation to problems set right by action. Information thrust on the mind only burdens the memory and causes intellectual indigestion, casting learning into oblivion.(b) Education must be concrete and inter connected, not abstract or given in isolated sections.  Concrete education allows the learner to manipulate problems or sets of problems and s tudy their relationships, character and artistic sense. It allows the mind, heart, hand and eyes to work simultaneously in a correlated manner, resulting in a harmonious and well-balanced personality.(c) Education must be imparted in the child's mother tongue and organically connected with the child's Social and Cultural environment.

Path-Goal Theory Essay

Purpose: Leadership is the key to the success of organizations, businesses or individuals. While the leaders are important, so are the subordinates. This article digs deep into the leader-subordinate relationships, what are the expectations from the leader, what are the various kind of leadership styles and how each styles impacts the subordinates. There have been immense amount of researches done on the topic of leadership and impact on subordinates. One theory ‘Expectancy theory’ states that and individual’s attitude (eg. Satisfaction with supervision or job satisfaction) or behavior (e.g. leader behavior or job effort) can be predicted from 1) the degree to which the job or behavior is seen as leading to various outcomes (expectancy and 2) the evaluation of these outcomes. Our interest on any project basically depends on the expected outcome. I want to relate this theory to a different kind of topic. I have observed, peoples’ passion for a certain â€Å"demand† goes down after they don’t see an outcome from the authorities. A good example could be the â€Å"Immigration Protests†. The proponents of â€Å"path to citizenship† and illegal aliens did protests etc. several times between 2008-2011. These protests were more common and passionate in President Obama’s previous tenure. But since nothing has come out even after several years of unrelenting protests, debates and voting on numerous immigration bills in the congress, I feel now that they are exhausted and not very positive this time around. The Path-Goal Theory of Leadership suggests that effective leadership affects subordinates’ motivation and their ability to perform. The theory proposes that leaders behavior is acceptable to subordinates as far as it is a source of satisfaction also leaders behavior is motivational for the subordinates if it helps the subordinates to perform better or it provides coaching, guidance, support or reward for effective performance. Considering these propositions Path-Goal theory suggest that leader’s main functions are to enhance subordinates’ motivation to perform, satisfaction with the job and acceptance of the leader. Leader’s Function: Path-Goal Theory and other leadership-Subordinate theories describes there are several strategic function of the leader which consists of 1) recognize and arouse subordinates’ needs for outcomes over which the leader has some control. 2) Setup a rewarding system after achievement of certain objectives 3) Make the path to achieve easier by participation, or supporting them 4) remove barriers 5) Give more opportunities that motivates them. Leadership Behavior: There are four important leadership behaviors that are discussed in the article, Supportive, directive, participative and achievement oriented. The research suggested that supportive leadership works best in the stressful & frustrating conditions also when the tasks given to subordinates are not satisfying. Leader’s directiveness is found to be positive when tasks are ambiguous and directions are not clear. In this scenario subordinates gets information from the directions and have more information how to achieve the task while directive nature of the leadership has a negative effect when the tasks are clear, it kind-of frustrates the subordinates. A study by House, Valency and Van Der Krabben suggested that â€Å"Achievement Oriented leadership†, has positive effects on the workers who does non-repetitive and ambiguous jobs, the reason behind workers satisfaction could be their belief that good performance could mean better payoffs. While it seems that â€Å"Achievement-oriented† leadership has no or very little effect on the subordinates who does repetitive or â€Å"clearly outlined† tasks. There is one more reason that is provided in the article is about the nature of the people who does non-repetitive and more ambiguous jobs. These people may be IT professionals or white collar jobs who may get more flexibility and autonomy while working for achievement-oriented tasks. Mitchell described four ways in which Participative Leadership affects subordinates’ behavior, first a participative climate increases the clarity of the tasks, organizational contingencies etc. Secondly it gives a choice to the subordinates to pick their goals they are able to see what they value more and how they can achieve it. Thirdly when the leader participates with the subordinates they get more involved in the process and subordinates get more ownership of the work. The fourth impact is a result of the third point, when subordinates starts to feel to get â€Å"ownership† of the work, then they starts feeling the pressure for high performance due to inner conscience. I think it is a very good article as it is very relevant to our daily work be it professional or personal challenges. It clearly shows the path for the leadership style you should take for managing your subordinates and ultimately reach your organization’s and your personal goals. 1)Discussion: Can people, who hold certain personality traits, fit in situation where a different kind of leadership is required? For example a â€Å"micromanager†, who has a directive nature, will he be able to fit in the situation where the subordinates’ job is stressful and tasks are dissatisfying. 2)How can these researches be used when companies are hiring managers? Do they need to first layout the kind of the work company does and then they should interview people and try to find out the personality traits and their leadership style and then map it with what is best for the organizations’ environment. 3)Can there be leaders who have all the leadership styles ie. Directive, Supportive, Participative and Achievement Oriented?

Material Culture and Dignity of Women

This is an interview on allegedly loss of dignity experienced by a family which has undergone social change because of material culture (technology).The advancement of technical know-how nowadays has resulted to various constructive and destructive consequences. In this particular case, the sociological family problem refers to chatting on the Internet, a hobby or interest which has undoubtedly become a money-making venture to some women.Thus, according to its breadwinner and head of the family interviewed, his daughter has lost her dignity for chatting on the Internet just to earn money from foreigners who are willing to pay just so their desires are met.What is of major concern in this scenario is the issue on moral values, poverty and gender sensitivity perhaps. In the society in general today, chatting in the Internet is considered unethical for the very reason that the intention of doing it is for money. Self-respect is being sacrificed and is deemed vanished in the process. Mos t of us value money, status, personal fulfillment, and freedom†¦ (Ursery, 2002).The second key point is poverty. Half the world — nearly three billion people — live on less than two dollars a day (Shah, 2007). The case family was categorized as economically challenged and was really having difficulty looking for income-generating activities. This was seen as the main motive why the daughter engaged in chatting on the Internet.Finally, the third contention is gender sensitivity. Getting paid for chatting in the Internet has generally devastating effects on the identity of women. Some view is as degrading to females as if they are merely â€Å"objects† for gratification in whatever form required by men who take advantage of such services.From a personal perspective, chatting on the Internet as a material culture and a growing trend for easy money should not be tolerated for it corrupts the value of women. There are other ways of earning through respectable an d decent means.Poverty cannot be used as an excuse to engage in amoral acts though it is not a sin to try to raise one’s standard of living. It is not fair for other women in making generalizations that women are merely â€Å"objects of gratification† or â€Å"objects of desire and malicious intent.† Women are seen to be a sensitive and fragile creature that is why they should be preserved and respected.Culture may consist of attitudes, beliefs, customs, traditions, art and achievements of society that are passed on to each generation (â€Å"Emeralds,† n.d.). It is often said that culture, material culture (technology), is learned and adapted from one’s environment. Computers are thought to be one of man’s greatest inventions. In this 21st century, or the Computer Age, everything operates using these electronic devices in information, communication, and telecommunication domestically and internationally.Socializing by learning this cyber-cul ture is not bad but it should be used properly and for the right purposes without forgoing morality standards. Incorporating them in our lives is a not abrupt but is done gradually through stages and adjustment is vital in the process.In conclusion, chatting on the Internet for money is not an acceptable practice no matter how prevalent it is at present. The daughter’s way of earning is not a dignified thing to do. Moral values, poverty and gender sensitivity are key points to consider in all our undertakings. Material culture (technology) is beneficial but precautions must be taken so as not to abuse it.Referencesâ€Å"Causes of Social Change.† (2002). Retrieved December 13, 2007, from http://stmarys.ca/~evanderveen/wvdv/social_change/causes_of_social_change.htmâ€Å"Emeralds: Components of Culture.† (n.d.). Retrieved December 13, 2007, from http://sch.ci.lexington.ma.us/~jpetner/EmeraldsShah, A. (2007). Causes of Poverty. Retrieved December 13, 2007, from http ://www.globalissues.org/TradeRelated/Poverty.aspUrsery, D. (2002). Exploring Rules, Values and Principles. Retrieved December 13, 2007, from http://www.stedwards.edu/ursery/values.htm  

Position paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Position paper - Essay Example During the ancient times buildings was a reflection of nature and the culture of the people. Aesthetic value of a house was considered important in architecture. However, modernity has changed everything. Tall buildings and malls are built in a plain. There is no uniqueness in the buildings that makes them appealing. Buildings no longer resonate with nature thus making it difficult for people to connect with the buildings. Formerly, a person could look at a building and immediately know the culture of the people or the resources available in the land in which it was constructed. The current housing designs are intended to meet the housing needs of the population. Aesthetic beauty of the buildings is not the main concern of the architects. Habitability of a house is what matters in the construction of a house. The buildings have, therefore, lost touch with the community in which they are built. The housing designs in America are just similar to the designs in Asia and other parts of the world. This means that buildings no longer have the cultural and natural appeal that existed before. Identity has been lost in the modern age architecture. Regional distinction of houses is no longer possible due to the similarity of houses. The break from the past in the modern age in the field of architecture is misplaced. The argument that advancement in technology and science should affect the design of buildings is wrong. The culture of the people may have changed but that does not justify a total migration from traditional designs to modern designs. A good number of people still value things that resonate with nature. People want things that they can easily connect with. This is why hotels and parks that have the natural look attract a high number of people. It is wrong to presume that modernity killed aesthetic significance that was attached to buildings. The

Methods of Data Collection Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Methods of Data Collection - Assignment Example In a structured interview, there are set of questions that are asked by the researcher and there is nothing more than this. (Leedy,1997). Face -to -face interview data collection method has a distinct advantage that enables the researcher to come up with a report that has potential participants. Hence this makes him able to gain their cooperation. In survey research, this interview produces the highest response rates. It also enables the researcher to be able to clarify answers that are ambiguous, seek follow-up information and when appropriate. Some of the limitations include time-consuming, expensive and impractical when large samples are used. (Leedy,1997). Telephone interviews method of data collection are less expensive and less time consuming and the researcher has easy access to anyone in the world with a telephone. The limitations are that the rate of response is not that high as that of the face-to-face interview but relatively higher as compared to the mailed questionnaire. There may be biases in the sample whereby the persons with no phones are included in the population where the researcher wants to draw inferences from. Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing involves personal interviewing, whereby the interviewer comes along with a hand-held computer or a laptop to enter the information directly into the database instead of completing a questionnaire. This data collection method saves time during data processing. It also saves the interviewer from having hundreds of questionnaires. However, on the other hand, this method of data collection can be expensive to set up and needs the interviewers to have a computer as well as typing skills (Markham, 2004). Questionnaires normally make use of rating scales and Checklist. These devices usually help in quantifying and simplifying peoples attitudes and behaviours. A checklist is a list of characteristics, behaviours or other entities which the researcher is interested in.  Ã‚  

The Effects of Computer Science on the history of our Nations Wars Research Proposal

The Effects of Computer Science on the history of our Nations Wars - Research Proposal Example Generally, computer science refers to the study of some theoretical standing, with regard to computation and information, and often focuses on the practical application of the techniques, necessary for implementing them in computer systems (Diffie, 2008). Presently, a considerable number of disciplines under the scope of computer science do not exclusively incorporate the study of computers (Longo, 2008). Such disciplines include the military science, which incorporates the use of computer technology. Many scholars in the field of science have put a keen focus on the connections between the computer science on the theoretical basis and the execution of the military operations. This is with regard to how such operations were being planned and carried out, during the time of the Cold War. Since the 20th century, great effort has been put to the scientific researches in the military operations. This has led to the development of science-based military technology. These efforts have seen the subsistence of strong militaries across the world. For instance, the First World War, which is widely known as ‘the chemists’ war, was characterized by the application of many explosives (Diffie, 2008) owed to the computer science. Among the pioneer military technologies was the extensive use of the poison gas by the British and Germans, in 1915. Computer science also contributed to the development of the wireless communication technology, which advanced the methods of executing attacks, and detecting enemies, besides acting as a means of communication within the militaries. The wireless radio technology was a key player in the coordination of the German, British and American troops (Arquilla, 2011). By the Second World War, the computer technology had advanced the military technology, and at this time, the unveiling of the atomic bomb was marked (Bousquet, 2008). Hand in

Criminal assingnment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Criminal assingnment - Essay Example Under this law, the jury is given wider latitude in determining the mens rea by giving it the ability to evaluate each given circumstances. In connection with the case at bar, let us therefore apply the principles of mens rea and the underlying laws that punishes criminal offenses. The actus reus can be established here as negligent act of Alan in loading the gun and accidentally firing it at his father. To recall, the actus reus maybe be the acts R. v. Majoram [2000]1, omission (R v. Dytham [1979]2; R v. Pittwood (1902)3 or negligence (see R v Stone and Dobinson (1977)4 of the parties involved. The mens rea of the case is loading of the gun which caused the accidental shooting. According to the case of Metropolitan Police Commissioner v. Caldwell [1981]5, where the actor recognized the danger of the act but still persist to perform such act; the requirements of mens rea are satisfied. However, the fact Alan confessed later that he was hearing voices; he never really had any criminal intentions of killing his father mitigates the degree of the act. Alan as a soldier knows about guns. In fact, as a soldier, he had formal trainings when it comes to guns. In the case of R v Cunningham (1957)6, the court decided that where the accused can reasonably foresee the consequences of his or her actions but did not really care whether the consequences of his or her action will actually happen or not, that person is considered guilty of recklessness. Since Alan did not have any intentions of really injuring or killing his own father, the offense will now fall within the ambit of sections 47 and 20 of the Offences Against the Persons Act. Under section 20 of the Act, a person who â€Å"unlawfully and maliciously wound or inflict any grievous bodily harm upon any other person, either with or without any weapons or instrument†¦Ã¢â‚¬  shall be guilty of battery. The use of the gun as a weapon

Ethical Dilemma Analysis- Capstone Project Essay

Ethical Dilemma Analysis- Capstone Project - Essay Example Mountains of clothes and books fill the room, and a pervasive foul odor emanates from the house. The woman pleads with the author not to tell anyone about her condition or state of living. The ethical dilemma is, should one report this to the proper authorities or not? An ethical dilemma which could arise in my own field of study could be that a nursing home patient is having difficulty keeping his room tidy, and this is causing him to become overwhelmed in his environment. Although the patient pleads with the author to not tell anyone, should nursing home officials be alerted to this fact? These are ethical dilemmas because, on one hand, officials in authority should know about potential problems. On the other hand, the individuals have their right to privacy. This is a â€Å"right vs. right† dilemma because, on one hand, when one can harm oneself or others, authorities must know. However, the level of harm that an individual is causing may be negligible, so a patient’ s right to privacy is still a valid concern. Regarding values in this ethical dilemma, there are certain non-moral values at work here. Public health is not a moral issue—rather, if piles of garbage are going to cause a health hazard, then perhaps the woman should be reported to authorities. A moral value that is at conflict belongs to the utilitarian family, which means that calling the authorities would be beneficial for the woman as much as for the good of everyone (the public). In contra of calling authorities, Kant says, â€Å"Thus morality, and humanity as capable of it, is that which alone has dignity.†1 This woman has her dignity on the line by not having people on the outside know what her problems are. If they were to know the source of her problems is helplessness, her dignity would be shattered, as would her feeling of being independent. In support of the opinion that one should

Marketing Challenges of Walker and Company Essay

Marketing Challenges of Walker and Company - Essay Example In addition, the company has scattered its business to the publication of several topics, which cost lots of time and money. Moreover, the multiplicity of topics was not productive; rather, it was putting the profit margin into grave jeopardy. Efforts, being made in the wrong direction due to inadequate strategic plan, kept the company away from turning into a multinational brand even it had been working in multiple disciplines. The new president called an urgent meeting of the board of directors and decided to cut short the expenses for keeping the ball of the publishing business rolling. It was also announced at the meeting that the list of topics being published through its platform must be shortened in order to broaden the concentration of limited material for the extension of the business ventures. Though it helped the company come out of problems, yet the destination appeared to be far from the present state of affairs. As a consultant of the company, it is my obligation to point out the weak areas of the company as well as indicate the aspects that could generate profit for the company, so that it could come out of financial embarrassments on the one hand, and could make sound progress with the passage of time on the other. The purpose of the present study includes the exploration of various business avenues and internal operational methodology in order to run the business affairs of the company on smooth track. I have worked on Ramsey’s profit plan for children book line, on the basis of financial measures including trend analysis, annual sales growth, profit percentage, average unit sales, return-on-assets, ROI and operating expenses in order to escape low-profit volume for the future years to come. I also intend to present some suggestions regarding the topics that are most important in market point of view. In addition, I strongly recommend the sorting out of the profit and loss volume o f every material, so that the most profitable items could be focused upon.

Problems of the Past Essay Example for Free

Problems of the Past Essay Usually, when one’s past problems are pushed away and neglected, they grow in size until they are too much to handle. The two short stories The Swimmer by John Cheever and A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner portrays how a reluctance to accept or let go of one’s past can lead to many problems and difficulties. This is emphasized through the development and actions of the characters, Neddy and Emily, the aspects of southern life and American suburbia, and the irony and structure of the plots. Throughout their lives, Neddy and Emily inevitably experience change despite their attempts to disregard and ignore it. The actions and characteristics of Neddy and Emily illustrate and give insight about their past, their crutches, and the archetypal change they ultimately face. The American suburbia and Southern town that Neddy and Emily reside in directly symbolizes their problems, emphasizes the changes they face, and possible sources that fuel their reluctance to let go of their past. The irony, structure and conflict of the plots illustrates the futility of Neddy and Emily’s reluctance to accept and let go of their past, the overall damage of their problems, and other sources that fuel their problems. The actions and personality of people can give insight about their life. Firstly, Neddy and Emily’s characteristics and actions illustrate their problems and past. For example, in The Swimmer, after Neddy visits the Halloran’s pool and Mrs. Halloran expresses her condolence towards Neddy’s misfortunes, Neddy says â€Å"My misfortunes? (†¦) I dont know what you mean† (25). The fact that Neddy seems unaware of his problems shows how Neddy is reluctant to accept his past, so much so that it made him lose grip on his life. Similarly, Emily, after her father’s death, becomes secretive and â€Å"people hardly [see] her at all† (12). This shows how Emily clings to her past because she spends all her time confined in her house, avoiding the present. Additionally, â€Å"when the next generation, with its more modern ideas, became mayors and aldermen†, Emily refuses to pay taxes and says, â€Å"I have no taxes in Jefferson† (12). This emphasizes how she does not want to change from her past ways and conform to the new ideas of the town. Secondly, Neddy and Emily’s characteristics and actions illustrate the crutches that they use to forget or hold on to their past. For example, in The Swimmer, Neddy drinks a lot of alcohol and naturally accepts it from numerous houses he visits. This shows how he cannot cope with reality and his past so he uses a crutch, in this case alcohol, to make him wash away his reality and forget his underlying problems. Moreover, when Neddy decides to swim across the county, it shows how he is possibly using the idea as a way to keep his mind off his past. Likewise, in A Rose for Emily, Emily keeps her father’s body â€Å"for three days† after he dies (13). This reveals Emily’s desire to control another and her refusal to accept the fact of death. Her desire to control is her crutch and it shows how she does not want to let go of her past since her father, before he died, controlled her, so she â€Å"[had] to cling to that which had robbed her† (14). Lastly, the actions and personalities of Neddy and Emily signify the archetypal change that they ultimately face. For example, in The Swimmer, after completing his journey, Neddy â€Å"[cries for] (†¦) probably the first time in his adult life† (27). When compared to Neddy’s first description of being very happy, youthful, with â€Å"[nothing] confining in his life,† it emphasizes the change that Neddy faces despite his attempts to avoid it (21). In contrast, in A Rose for Emily, Emily does not go through any change as she stays confined in her house, with â€Å"the only sign of life about the place being the Negro man (†¦)going in and out with a market basket† (12). Her lack of change as a person while the â€Å"newer generation became the backbone and the spirit of the town†, illustrates her dislike towards change as a whole (16). This also emphasizes her reluctance to let go of her past because it would involve change, which she clearly loathes. Ultimately, the characters’ actions and personalities create irony because their problems are expressed through them, despite their efforts to forget about it. The setting one resides in could be a factor that influences one’s actions and characteristics. The setting that one resides in can give insight about their way of life. Firstly, the American suburbia and Southern town that Neddy and Emily reside in directly symbolizes their problems. For example, the setting in The Swimmer is illustrated to be an American suburbia full of wealthy and privileged adults who spend all their time drinking and having parties. This is symbolic of Neddy who considers himself energetic and having â€Å"especial slenderness of youth† with very few problems (21). However, just like the suburbia, under Neddy’s apparent happiness and bloated comfort lie growing family and economic problems. Similarly, A Rose for Emily portrays the setting to be a southern town with ignorant views and rumours. This is representative of Emily’s ignorance towards change because despite many messages from the mayor and sheriff asking for change, â€Å"[Emily] would not listen to them† (16). Secondly, the societies and settings that Neddy and Emily are in emphasize the possible sources that fuel their reluctance to let go or hold on to their past. For example, the society in The Swimmer makes Neddy act like everyone else where people have parties, fun, and are â€Å"honored to give [Neddy] a drink† (26). This illustrates how Neddy’s problem with accepting his past could have rooted from his town’s society where he is expected to live in apparent happiness. Similarly, the society that Emily is in expects her to act like others, like when Emily is expected to marry someone. This shows how Emily’s necrophilia and use of her father’s controlling ways was caused by the society because she was expected to marry someone, but since Homer was not a â€Å"marrying man†, she killed him so she could be with him and be in control (15). Lastly, the settings that Neddy and Emily reside in emphasize the changes they face. For example, in The Swimmer, as Neddy begins his journey and is unaware of his problems, the setting is described as a â€Å"midsummer Sunday† where everything seems peaceful and perfect (15). As Neddy continues his journey and his problems and past begin to dawn on him, the weather changes and a thunderstorm occurs. By the end, â€Å"the place [is] dark† and gloomy and Neddy is hit with the full realization of his problems (28). This pathetic fallacy is symbolic of the change that Neddy goes through because the setting and weather are directly connected to his emotions, changing depending on how he feels. Similarly, in A Rose for Emily, as the town changes constantly, Emily’s house stays, â€Å"lifting its stubborn and coquettish decay† (11). The fact that her house is described to be stubborn and decaying is symbolic of Emily, who is also stubborn towards change and is decaying metaphorically, as she lives in her past, confined from the outside world. Ultimately, it is shown that the setting one resides in can heavily influence the decisions and choices one makes. The setting of a story is closely linked to the plot as it has influence on it. The plot of a story connects the characters and settings to the problems and difficulties at hand. Firstly, the irony of the plots illustrates the futility of Neddy and Emily’s reluctance to accept and let go of their past. For example, The Swimmer is ironic because Neddy drinks alcohol in order to forget about his past but it ends up sharpening his unhappiness and problems. The irony emphasizes how Neddy’s attempt at forgetting his past is pointless and futile because it ends up coming back to him. Likewise, A Rose for Emily is ironic because Emily buys arsenic and the town thinks, â€Å"she will kill herself† with it, but Emily ends up using it to poison Homer (15). This shows how Emily did not chose death as a way out of her past but succumbed to her father’s controlling ways. She resorted to necrophilia in order to control Homer, emphasizing how her reluctance to let go of her past is useless because in reality, she can never go back to her past. All she can do is pretend to still be in the past by dwelling on her father’s old ways. Secondly, the structure of the plots emphasizes the overall damage that Neddy and Emily face. For example, The Swimmer ends with Neddy looking at his abandoned and broken down house. The fact that there is no falling action shows how Neddy’s disregard for his past upscale his problems to the point of no return. In contrast, A Rose for Emily does not follow a regular beginning to conclusion structure since it begins with Emily’s death. The non-chronological and unnatural structure is symbolic of how Emily, who was once considered â€Å"tradition, a duty, and a care†, had succumbed to eccentric and unnatural ways (11). Lastly, the conflict of the plots illustrates additional sources that fuel Neddy and Emily’s problems. For instance, The Swimmer portrays the central conflict to be person vs. himself since Neddy always â€Å"[needs] a drink†, showing how he cannot control his urge (26). This emphasizes how his problems are deeply rooted in his alcoholism and are simply not from his family and economic problems. In contrast, the main conflict in A Rose for Emily is person vs. erson since Emily’s father was possessive and controlling of Emily. The town â€Å"[remembers] all the young men [Emily’s] father had driven away† illustrating how he kept Emily isolated from the community (14). This shows how Emily’s eccentric ways and hatred towards change stemmed and rooted from her father because of the way he treated her. Since he controlled her so much, Emily had no choice but to cling on to the past when he died because it was the only thing she was used to. Ultimately, the plot emphasizes how Neddy and Emily created more problems than they started out with by not letting go or accepting their past. In conclusion, the two short stories The Swimmer by John Cheever and A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner emphasize, through the development and actions of the characters, the aspects of the settings, and the structure and irony of the plot, how a reluctance to accept or let go of one’s past can lead to many complications and difficulties. Ultimately, when people with underlying problems reside in a society, whose views and traditions tempts them to forget or cling on to their past, end up losing their grip on reality and ruining their lives.

Importance of Quality and Quality Management

Importance of Quality and Quality Management NEED OF QUALITY In todays competitive world producing world class products. In order to survive in the competitive world market producing different product with best techniques, it is important for the firms to take extra mileage to the quality of product and service they provide. In the recent world consumer are aware of the products and service provided by the other firms. Also today there are government empahasis on the quality issues of the products. So firms give extra emphasis on quality and productivity. Total quality management is an attempt in this direction. In other words it is an effort to take the advantage of competitive market by focusing on the organisational operations which is important for the customers, by providing customers best product and services using new manufacturing techniques. Definition of quality The totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs Quality is the extent to which products and services satisfy the requirement of internal and external customers So the Quality Management is the leadership, infrastructure and the resources that support employees as they meet the needs of those customers. A quality product or service is one that satisfies the customer. Usually there are two types of products quality 1) Quality of design Quality of design measure the functionality of a product or services. It is the decision of designer to include or exclude certain production features. The customer really measures quality through appearance, operation and reliability. 2) Quality of performance Quality of performance measures how products and services match the intent of the design. This characteristic traditionally has been the focus of a quality management program. In this regard, quality refers to doing it right at first time. APPROACHES TO QUALITY There are 2 approaches to quality TRADITIONAL APPROACH Traditional approach to quality uses an acceptable quality level that permits a certain level of defects to a product produced and sold. The AQL is where level of defects are allowed to minimize the total quality cost. Traditional approach believes that the defects will payoff the failure cost and prevention and appraising costs. As prevention and appraisal cost increase, the internal and external cost are expected to decrease. As long the failure cost are greater than the corresponding increase in prevention and appraisal cost it is acceptable. THE MODERN APPROACH Modern approach is to GET IT RIGHT FIRST TIME. It believes in total quality control and view the optimal quality cost with Zero defects are produce. For firms operating in the advanced manufacturing environment quality is a critical dimension. Quality cost can be managed differently then implied by the traditional AQL model. Defects can be reduced below the AQL level and quality cost can be reduced simultaneously THE COST OF QUALITY Market shares of many firms have eroded because of the firms using high quality products have been able to sell mare than the products of lower price. In order to compete in the market, firms have placed quality prior to the price. Firms have placed emphasis on quality and productivity in order to Produce saving such as reducing rework cost and Improve product quality. Cost of quality is the cost due to poor quality which exist in the product. Quality cost are the cost incurred by investing in the prevention of non-conformance to requirement appraising a product or service for conformance to requirement Failing to meet requirement. Cost of quality are classified into three categories Prevention cost Prevention costs are those cost incurred to prevent defects. Amount spent on the quality training program, research to determine the customer requirement and improve production equipment are the prevention cost. Appraisal cost Appraisal cost are the cost associated with measuring, evaluating and auditing product or services to assure conformance to quality standards and performance requirement. These cost includes the cost of inspection of product purchase in process or in final or service audits ie the costs associate with products supplies and materials Failure cost Failure cost are cost resulting from products or services not fulfilling the requirements of the users need. Failure costs can be either internal or external. Internal costs are the cost occurring prior to delivery of products or furnishing the services. Example cost of scrape, rework, reinspection, retesting, material review and down grading. External costs are the cost occurring after the delivery of product or during furnish services to the customer. Example processing customer complains, returns, warranty claims and product reclaim. Total quality management total Quality Management is a global customer orientated management philosophy, which encompasses all actions, values and beliefs of an organisation which aims to continuously improves and maintain quality standards. It is a systematic approach to education, management and operation designed to focus and co-ordinate the efforts of all employees in an organisation. TQM is supported by two key beliefs: that quality is what the customers say it is and that must be thoroughly integrated into the fabric of the organisation including its basic strategies, culture and management systems. It is an essential pursuit for total quality. It is zero defect approach. It emphasises the top level of quality where zero defective goods are produced. This approach opposes the traditional belief of acceptable quality level which accepts to produce and sell predetermined defective units. This approach allows some defects in order to minimize the total quality cost. Studies indicate that cost of poor quality is 20%for the manufacturing and 30% service industries of the gross sale. Quality expert maintain that the optimal quality level should be about 2.5% of sales. The accounting dept is the major force in the firm that keep track of and report on quality PRINCIPLES OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT Making the product right first time is the main objective of total quality management. Successful implementation of TQM program will reduce cost than increasing it. It is obvious that better quality will increase productivity. This principal is based on the principle that when less time is spent on repairs and rework and more time is given on manufacturing will increase productivity. When an organisation keep the accurate records of cost of quality tqm will demonstrate that effective total quality measure cost will payoff the cost of repair and rework. Elimination of high reject rate results in fewer repairs, rework or scraps resulting in reduction in cost. Comparing the cost of quality with tqm is necessary for the management who are cost conscious in both industry and government. Management will measure the success of tqm on the basis of cost data. Successful implementation of tqm can eliminate the following costs Rework or repairs Inspection of rework Testing of rework Warranty cost Returned materials Discounts adjustment and allowances The cost of prevention in tqm is far lower than the above failure costs. FEATURES OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT A systematic way to improve the product and services A structured approach in identifying and solving problem A long term method of quality control A process support by managements action A process that is supported by statistical quality control A technique practice by everyone. ELEMENTS OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT A focus on the customers:- Any functional unit has customers whether they are external customer or internal units. tqm advocates that the managers and employee are so customer focus that they always try to meet or exceed customers expectations. The management must accept concept that quality gets customer orders and meet the customers needs and expectations which is the stretagic goal of tqm Long term commitments: Experience shows that significant gains come only after management makes long time commitment to improve quality. Customer focus must be constantly renewed to keep that goal foremost. Top management support and direction: The top management must be driving force behind tqm. Senior manager must show their personal support by using the quality improvement concept in their management style and providing financial and staff support. Employee involvement Full employee participation is the integral part of this process. Every employee must participate in achieving this goal. It involves managers, supervisors and employees in improving service delivery, solving systematic problems and correcting errors in the all the parts of production process. Effective and Renewed Communications. The power of internal communication is central to employee involvement. Regular communication must be made at all levels in order to adjust its way of involvement and reinforce the commitment to total quality management. Reliance on standards and Measures Standard and measures should reflect customers requirement and changes that needs to be introduced in the internal business of providing this requirement. This emphasis doing the right thing right the first time. Commitment to Training Training is very important for the success of total quality management. This should start for the top level management to all associated with this task. Areas required for concentration must be identified. Required trainings skills and courses need to be provided to the person involved in. Modern approach to quality are associated with a number of GURUS. The modern approach to quality is reflected in the following quality gurus. The modern era of quality was herald by the following gurus. W. EDWARDS DEMING W. Edwards Deming, also known as father of quality control in 1951. He was an American statistician, professor, author, lecturer and consultant. He is well known for improving quality production in America though he was recognised for his work more in Japan. After World War II he travelled to Japan at the request of Japanese government to assist its industries in improving productivity and quality. He taught that by adopting appropriate principles of management, organization can increase quality and reduce cost at the same time. His basic premise was that high quality is equal to lower cost. If you get it right first time then there are minimum prevention, detection remaking cost. His philosophy is summarised in his 14 key principles. Create a culture of constancy of purpose towards improving of product and services. ie replace short reaction with long term planning. Adopt the new philosophy. ie the implication is that management should adopt the philosophy instead of expecting the workforce to do so. Cease dependence on inspection if variation is reduced there is no need of inspection of item for defects. Reduced number of suppliers to a manageable quality. Award supply contracts on the basis of conformance than low cost. Also specify the quality expectation from them. Set up programs for continuous improvement of costs, designs, processes, products, culture, etc Institute continuous training programs to maximise the contribution of each employee. If employee are inadequately trained there will be no uniformity in the work process leading to variations. Establish leadership. It means focus supervision on helping employees. Encouraging them to do a better job and take pribe in their work. Eliminate fear from the work place by encouraging communication. Fear may prevent them acting to best for the organisation. Break down barrier between departments by encouraging team work. Eliminate slogans- Another central idea of TQM is it is not people who make the mistake it is the process they are involved in. Harassing the workforce without improving the process will have a reverse effect. Eradicate management by targets. The numerical target may also lead to production and delivery of poor quality goods. Remove barriers to pride of workmanship. Institute education and self improvement of training in new and appropriate technologies Defining clearly the transformation is everyones job. Though some of the principles were challenged they remain vital for the concept of quality management. PHILIP B. CROSBY PHILIP B. CROSBY contributed to the concept of quality in 1979. He is widely recognised for promoting the concept of Zero defects and for defining quality as conformance to requirement. He initiate the Zero Defect program at the Martine Company Orlando, Florida Plant. As quality control manager the perishing missile program, he was credited for 25% reduction of cost and 30% reduction in scrap cost. He stated that the management must include cost of quality as part of financial system. Crosby defines quality as conformance to requirement. He stated that what cost money are the unquality thing. Quality is free when organisation emphasis on prevention of mistakes than to detection. Mistakes are caused either because of lack of knowledge or lack of attention. The first can be identified and corrected while the second is the attitude which can be changed by the individual. To achieve this Crosby listed the 14 steps to quality improvement. It must be made clear that management are committed to quality. Quality improvement team of senior management must be formed. Evaluate the process to measure quality to find out where the potential or current problem to quality lies. Evaluate the cost of quality to explain as a tool for management. Create awareness among employees the personal concerns for the quality. Appropriate action must be taken to correct the problems identified in the process of quality. Process of improvement must be monitored constantly and must make sure zero defect quality process is carried out. Trained supervisors must actively carry out their part in quality improvement. Hold the Zero defect day to reaffirm management commitment. Individual must be encouraged to set improvement goals for themselves and for their groups. Employee must be encouraged to put for the obstacle in their way to quality improvement. Appreciate the performance of the employee for their participation. Quality councils must be established to communicate at regular basis The process of quality improvement must be reviewed so that it continues and do not stops. ARMAND V. FEIGENBAUM THE PROPONENT OF TOTAL QUALITY CONTROL. ARMAND V. FEIGENBAUM proposed the theory of total quality control. He believed that high quality could be achieved only through organizational support. He also asserted that the quality must be priority and not afterthought. He emphasised on the administrative viewpoint and considered human issue as a basic issue to quality control. He stress that quality do not mean the best but best for the customers use and selling price. Quality control represents a management tool with 4 steps. Setting quality standards. Appraising conformance to thsee standards Acting when standards are exceeded Planning for improvement in the standards According to him quality must encompass all the phases of in manufacturing the product which includes design, manufacturing, quality check, sales, after sales services and customer satisfaction. He also put forward the way to control the above phases. Feigenbaums idea of modern quality concept was more management based. He recommended that Increase operators efficiency to enhance overall quality. Prospecting to increase quality awareness in the organisation. Involving all the employee in the quality enhancement process. He also believed that quality must not be regarded as cost reduction tool but must be taken as an administrative effort to provide channel for knowledge integration and communication and encourage employee to participate in quality initiative. His concept is reffered to as quality at source and mean that every worker manager and authorities are responsible for performing their work with perfect quality. In TQC quality is more important than production rate so the worker must be given authority to stop production where quality problem arises. KAORU ISHIKAWA KAORU ISHIKAWA wanted to change the way people think about the work. He insisted that quality is not just improving product quality but also can go further. His notion of quality control called for continuous customer service. According to him quality improvement is a continuous process and can always go one step ahead. The head of the fish is the outcome desired, or effect. Contributing factors leading to this or causes are listed as boxes at the end of ribs. Each rib can then be broken down further into the specific factors. Once a diagram has been completed then it can be used to select areas to be tackled and their priority order, and how they can be managed. Generating a complete diagram aids the consideration of an overall development strategy. With his cause and effect diagram also called fish bone diagram management were able to make significant and specific advancement to their quality improvement. With the help of his diagram the users can find out all possible cause of the result and find the root of process imperfection. By pinpointing the root problem this diagram provide improvement from the very base of the problem. His philosophy of total quality management can be summerised as follow Product quality is improved and becomes uniform. Defects are reduced. Reliability of goods is improved. Cost is reduced. Quantity of production is increased, and it becomes possible to make rational production schedules. Wasteful work and rework are reduced. Technique is established and improved. Expenses for inspection and testing are reduced. Contracts between vendor and vendee are rationalised. The sales market is enlarged. Better relationships are established between departments. False data and reports are reduced. Discussions are carried out more freely and democratically. Meetings are operated more smoothly. Repairs and installation of equipment and facilities are done more rationally. Human relations are improved. JOSEPH M. JURAN DR.JOSEPH M,JURAN developed the quality trilogy.- quality planning , quality control and quality improvement. Good quality management requires quality actions to be planned , improved and controlled. Juran believed that quality is dependent on the customer satisfaction and dissatisfaction. His ten steps to quality are Create awareness for the need improvement. Goals must be set for improvement Ways to reach the Goals Facilitate training Carry out project to solve problem Progress must be reported Efforts must be recognised. Results must be communicated Achieved results must be maintained Maintain momentum His concept of quality did not just concentrated on the end of customer but also on internal and external customers.

I Want to Make a Difference :: College Admissions Essays

I Want to Make a Difference When I was in the third grade I came home from school and told my mother I wanted to be a teacher. When she asked why, I replied, â€Å"because I want to be just like my teacher.† To this day I haven’t changed my mind. I was fortunate enough to have been blessed with wonderful teachers in my elementary school years. If it wasn’t for them I might not have the desire to become an educator. I want to have this kind of impact on my students. I want to the teacher who makes the difference. I work at a day-care and absolutely love being with the children. I have taught many children to spell and write their names, learn the alphabet and colors, and tie their shoes. After helping a young child accomplish a â€Å"difficult† task and seeing how excited he is, makes me feel great. When I look at myself as being a teacher, I see myself practicing authoritarianism. I will know my content and teach it will. I will value my students as individuals, not as a group. My classroom will be run on a bell-to-bell schedule. There will be a meaningful assignment on the board for the students to do as they enter the classroom. When students are learning, the appropriate seating is necessary. I will assign my students seats, changing them often. For lecture, the students will be seated in rows and columns, in a circle for class activities, and placed in groups for group work. The classroom rules will be very distinct. The rules, along with the consequences when is one is broken, will be posted in a very visible place in the classroom. There are two rules in which I will insist upon in the classroom. They are to treat others the way you want to be treated and follow all school rules. My students will help me compose the other 3-5 classroom rules. Misbehaviors are always problems in the classroom, however I hope to have few in mine. If I see a problem starting, I will do my best to stop it before it continues.

The Flaws Of Hamlet :: essays research papers

What is Hamlet's flaw?…';Nor to any one is he known to have defect. No one ever ventures to speak of him slightingly or critically. Why does not the King, Laertes, or Fortinbras despise him for a scholar and a dreamer, at least, instead of taking him as they all do for the worthy son of his warrior sire? Why does not the Queen once sigh, or Horatio sadly shake his head? He is a courtier, soldier, scholar, the expectancy and rose of the fair state, cries Ophelia, and there is no suggestion that she is saying it as one who does not know. It is the accepted opinion. The king fears him, and he shrinks form bringing him to account for Polonius' death, he says because of the great love the general gender bear him. This sinful Queen quails under his rebuke, and yet loves him too well to betray his confidence. And as often in Shakespeare's tragedies, at the end of the play judgment to the same effect is pronounced on his character by a disinterested party.';   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Was Hamlet out of his mind, or was he pretending to be crazy? Did anyone realize what Hamlet's dilemma, such as Ophelia, the King, and the Queen? What was his delay? Could it be that Hamlet was not so much afraid of killing the king, but hurting his mother, mentally, emotionally, after the death of her King and her abrupt marriage to Claudius. Was Hamlet afraid, that maybe the ghost of his father wasn't really his father's ghost at all, in that it was a trick of the devil?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hamlet's over analysis is what turns out to be the reason for so many deaths, including his own. His procrastination kills not only himself, but also his mother, his girlfriend, and others, but it also leaves the reader full of doubt. Of course the average reader is aware that Hamlet will kill the new king, but was it necessary to have so many deaths due to one mans uncertainty? Yes, his father, the king, was killed by his own brother, Hamlet's uncle, and at seems as quickly as he died, he queen was re-married just as quickly. More often than not, Hamlet questions himself, his goal, his reason for being alive, but for every question came an opportunity to kill Claudius and he didn't. Hamlet, undoubtedly was confused, and probably scared, but the key question here is, was he in his right mind?

Huck Finn :: essays research papers

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Modern American (1885) 1. The Author and His Times Mark Twain, the pen name of Samuel Clemens, was born in Florida, Missouri in 1835. When he was four, his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri, the setting for many of his books. His father died when he was 12. After his father died, he went to work as a printer ¹s apprentice and eventually as a printer in Missouri, St. Louis, and New York often writing a few works himself for periodicals. He worked as a printer and a reporter selling much of his work to newspapers. He continually moved from town to town. In 1857, he decided to move to South America to make a fortune there. He boarded a riverboat and headed for New Orleans where he would arrange the rest of his trip. However, he never made it past New Orleans and never into South America. He begged the riverboat to teach him how to pilot the riverboat. The riverboat pilot agreed to teach him for $500. Mark Twain went west during the civil war and established himself as a writer during this time. He wrote humorous stories about his experiences which lead to a job as a newspaper reporter in 1862. The following year he began signing his work  ³Mark Twain, ² a riverboat term meaning two fathoms deep. Mark Twain went to Hawaii in 1866. This trip was the beginning of his career as a travel correspondent. The next year he went to Europe and wrote a successful book there titled, The Innocent Abroad. In 1876, he published The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. This book was such a success that he decided immediately to write a sequel. The sequel, which became much more complex than the original was published seven years later in 1883 and titled, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. After Huckleberry Finn, Twain wrote nearly a dozen more books but none were as successful. By 1939, Twain had lost all of his money investing in various schemes and inventions, almost all of which were failures. After this, he went on a world lecture tour and was able to pay his debts by 1896. While on the tour, one of his daughters died. His wife later in 1904. In 1909 his daughter died leaving him unhappy. 2. Form, Structure, and Plot The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn consists of 43 chapters and is told in the first person with

Elite Essay

It is now that our political leaders and decisions have made up for what they were accounted for and have provided the back-bone of America today. Our government is what establishes America's decisions. Although some consequences can be made from what their previous aspects were, and how some of the decisions have made distrust in the government from Americans, it is only with said that, â€Å"Their failure to act, their failure to make decisions, is itself an act that is often of greater consent ounces than the decisions they do make. It's not necessarily the cause and effect of their decisions, but the act f speaking for America and doing something about the complications that arises within our world and our country to do the best they can to provide security and freedom even though there are limitations to freedom for security. Mills has stated, â€Å"The assumption that the security of the nation supposedly rests upon great secrecy of plan and intent. Along with the statement, â€Å"With the wide secrecy covering their operations and decisions, the power elite can mask their intentions, operations, and further consolidation. † I believe Mills is pointing out the directive of our national security being in the hands of the political officials because the government is the elite officials of America and has the authority to reach beyond the limits of other powers. Some may say the military is the elite of America because of the power and figure they portray.One may believe that the military is the most elite because they have more representatives, leaders and followers than those of our political leaders. One may obtain the fact that the military protects and has the secrecy of the united States in withstanding war power, but this is not accurate concerning the fact that the government has authority over the litany's actions. Mills has stated, â€Å"The military order, once a slim establishment in a context of distrust fed by State militia, has beco me the largest and most expensive feature of government.. Thus proving my element for elite power containing that the military is not established without the governments control and authority to make decisions for the military. One may believe that corporate has the most elite power over all, but corporations only have financial power not power over the decisions that are made within our country financially. Our political establishments indeed are ended by corporate, but they cannot make the decisions nor have the authority to do what the government can.The government tells corporate where to spend their money and what they can spend it on. â€Å"The decisions of a handful of corporations bear upon military and political as well as upon economic developments around the world. † Mills has stated which is proof along with my statement on economic decisions going through the government before corporate is able to take action on what they are deciding to do. In conclusion politic al officials are the most elite of the United States today.My opinion is not disregarding the other elite powers Mills has claimed above, but only withstanding that political power is the most elite out of the two other objectives. Nothing can go forward without the government's approval and action to speak for Our country. Military is just a figure of power for the people to obtain a sense of hope and security for our country along with corporate financial aid to help establish what needs to be conquered within our society and to help what decisions the government makes. â€Å"Everyone knows somebody has got to run the show, and that somebody usually does. † (C. Wright Mills)

March 5 Handout: World War 1 and Its Shadow Handout

March 5 handout: World War I and its shadow I. World War I a. What were the immediate causes of the war? And the long term ones? b. What expectations did people have about the war? c. What was the Schlieffen Plan? d. What was trench warfare like? e. What new technologies developed in the war? f. How did participants and sides change over the course of the war? g. What made this war a world war? h. What is total war? i. What is the home front? j. How did nations target civilians in the war effort? k. How did women take part in the war effort? l.What is propaganda and what was it used for? m. What attitudes do the posters reveal? II. Versailles and Mandates a. What was the Armistice? b. What was the Treaty of Versailles? c. What steps did nations take to prevent future war? d. What did self-determination mean in practice? e. Did self-determination apply outside of Europe? f. What was the mandate system? g. How did the treaties ending the war change European empires? III. Social changes a. What types of permanent physical trauma did the war cause? b. What types of psychological trauma did the war cause? . How did the role of the state change to address the long-term effects of the war? d. How did gender roles change from the war? e. How did the way people viewed war change? f. How did the attitudes towards war differ between â€Å"In Flanders Fields† and â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est? † Terms Gavrilo Princip Schlieffen Plan Trench warfare Over the top Mustard gas Total war Home front Conscription Rationing Propaganda Armistice Treaty of Versailles Fourteen Points Self-determination Mandate system League of Nations Influenza pandemic Lost generation Wilfred Owen

Nature of thought

Thinking: the activity of the brain that can potentially be communicated. Inform thoughts become your words become your actions become your habits become your character become you. † (Gary R. Kirby and Jeffery R. Godparent, Thinking, 2007) What makes human thinking unique is the fact that our thoughts are made up of language. Language allows us to see things differently by channeling our thinking and perceptions. Our thoughts are influenced by the language we use to describe them.The languages we use may too be influenced by personal barriers. Personal barriers include self- serving biases, cognitive distortions that put us in a favorable position. Stereotypes, being biased toward members of a certain group. Emotional influences also effect and inspire human thought. Emotion is what differentiates human beings from animals. We as humans think to communicate, using different languages that are influenced by barriers based upon memories. Memory plays an important role in thinking . Without memory we can't think. According to Richard Paul and LindaElder, Journal of Developmental Education, â€Å"Everything we learn is related to everything we learn and learning things in relation to each other makes each of the things we learn more memorable, more intelligible, and more useful. † Without memory we'd have no future to imagining and no past to consider. Getting an adequate amount of sleep is essential to the critical thinking process. Sleep debt can negatively affect our mood, motivation, memory, decision making, concentration, problem solving, and logical thinking (Corer, 1996). So in order to think big we must stimulate the brain with intellectual activity and enhance our memory.Enhancing memory includes making information meaningful, by associating new information with what we already know well, by using mnemonic techniques and by repetition and practice. Listening to the recollections of others and being open to the possibilities. Finding relevance o f the information, how it relates to our lives, increases its meaning and makes it more memorable. Now let's use my memory. I can remember when I found out I was pregnant with my first child. I thought I had gotten sick. I didn't feel well, very low amount of energy. Well I was sick, but it wasn't the sickI was thinking where I could go buy something over the counter and it be gone in a few days. I was suffering from morning sickness, the nauseous feeling a woman's body goes through in the first trimester of pregnancy. The difference in my thoughts and reality was that a baby was coming. A child, a life changing experience. I had all kinds of thoughts going through my head. First, I had to acknowledge that I was soon to be called â€Å"Mommy'. Which then lead to other thoughts like if I was good enough to be parent at the age of 22. I thought what my family would think of me being that I as still young and not married.I was concerned on what the father of my child would say when I told him. After informing my family and accepting this important role that was coming into play. I began taking prenatal classes to educate myself on being a mother. I enrolled in college and begin taking Early Childhood Education courses. I learned that having my daughter pushed me into the field of working with children and having a passion for the work that I do. In the beginning I was nervous, worried about what others would think of me. Encapsulation was a personal barrier s I was raised to believe that one should be married before she has a child.My emotions were out of control the first couple of months as I thought to myself that I wasn't fit for the circumstances. After all that I have to say that I am a wonderful mother despite all my fears and that my thoughts from then have influenced and encouraged me to believe that can handle all situations, and to see something good out of anything that we are faced with.

Ethics And Politics In Early Childhood Education Essay

Ethics have been universally and particularly the most argued about and on assessment in the worldwide community ever and even since and when globalization occurred around the world in the past five years and it had become such a strongly argued about subject that most people could not by be opinionated around since there is no agreeable standard of what ethics are, could be and should be done about to unify worldwide as the world is becoming more than a small village (mostly becoming one small street with the speed of airplanes and crafts traveling from one part of the world to the other). Such as ethics, is the idea of morals, then, what are morals? It is the number of beliefs resonated into the heart which allow most of the world of ideas which occupy the brain to be able to make sense of what the world of behavioral activities of the person who is in hold of it to be. Morals turn to, or are named, ethics whenever the ethics are the number of ideas which occur in the universal subject matter of thoughts and ideas, which control over the heart such as the idea of emotional intelligence, and is its system of how it occurs and makes thoughts in the mind stream in the consciousness. So, what is the consciousness? It is the effect of the left side of the brain upon the right side of the brain which controls the heart with its influential hormones and emotions upon the mind and the heart. This is the return of the influence of the left side of the brain on the right side as the left brain side is the side responsible for our verbal and physical actions being under the activity of the right brain’s emotions. Thus, morals are ethics when the intelligence is the more effective side on the mind and thus the body, but, is emotionally more influential when the right side of the brain occurs to be using that idea which occurs in the left side as being its moderator and as its idea of what the methodological idea of the brain should be and according to what it means to be in the physical world of the brain (what is real from what is imaginative). Such thoughts and perspectives manualize what we mean as moral and what we mean as ethical. What has politics got to mean this for? To re-phrase: what does politics mean to ethics? Politics could be grammatized as being meaning : many ticks ( poly= many, tics=ticks) which occur in how we act whenever we try to make sense of the works of art that make up our ideas of what is the meaning of what we take from decisions. Thus, the opportunities that present to us the factual beliefs of taking a step into using our politicalized decisions makes us believe what we could and are able to make sense of whenever we try to make such a belief as being correct. This is very valuable as it poses us to ourselves as believing that such understanding could make thought as being valuable in the image of me and us inside ourselves, our ego, id and egoism. What has a child’s ethics got to do with political understanding of the world at such a young age? Any child, briefly has the understanding of a grown up even if they do not understand that in the complicated lexicon of our lives as grown ups and as to how we make decisions when we try to make sense of our minds when we try to be able to do an act, unlike a child, we consume much thinking but a child takes immediate action according and based on how much self-consciousness and self-confidence according to the much gratitude it has surrounding it on the self-reliance bounty which is its capital to making right or wrong decisions. Thus, when a child has more ego pleasure the more they go right and vice versa. A child leaves the adult sphere of supervision and consent when it grows among people who only criticize it as being thoughtless and unable to make its own decisions whenever they try to take bigger steps. Teaching politics could be a very dangerous thing to such a child who has had his mind functioning according to the number of pleasures in the mind it gets alongside its heart pleasure whenever it is pleased with the amount of ideas it has from the goodness it has in its mind from what it receives from gratitude, any mistake in political decisions could lead it to far larger consequences it was unable to take as a child among people in its own sphere. The sphere grows more whenever it tries to find out that the big home it lives in is the actual fate of the large globe it lives in, especially if it comes from a home where its resources for living depend mostly on small percentages of gratification which will allow it more to be an enemy of the state of the environment it grown in. he other way of turning this down is to have the minds of those surrounding it to elevate to the mind the child it has created ( elevated as in making sense of the free willing child that goes against them, regarded as being someone who is unable to make decisions and being an â€Å"outlaw† just because such a child is unable to grow with the law of the family system). Thus, when the child is spoken to its reasoning has not to be questioned than to be scrutinized. This scrutiny has two effects: 1- the ability to make sense of the small details which lead to the bigger effects of the chain of decisions taken, 2- the idea which the decisions strung from and throughout have become and how they entangled the decision making part of the mind and how such a child could make the ideas right and why that part of the brain has become so tangible to the decisions made that any other mistake will pass by automatically unthought about, mostly because any new and strange or odd thing passed by will remind the emotional part of the brain to have such ideas eliminated that the child has fought against a lot that such an idea is the fact that such beliefs have been anchored simply because such ideas have been in the mind on pulsating basis and not on the factual idealistic basis of what is the proper look and structure of what is correct. To teach a child ethics in early childhood is to teach them not to rely on their parents as being the first and most trusted source of education and informative asset of the mind because such education will rely on what the heart will feel whenever seeking any homage in anywhere or place whenever there are ideas and minds surrounding his or her environment whenever it goes outside home, especially that childhood stage involves a lot of emotions for other children and relying on parents as being those who are the most supportive source of what goes on in the world of decision taking and opinion making and judgmental sources of what is right and what is wrong in the world around them. The fact starts to discarnate whenever there is an idea that there are other ideas in the world which are popularly and unanimously appreciated and accepted unlike those of the parents and the family. Thus, free education at a young age allows a higher and broader base of children with different intelligences to make such an idea of the unanimosity of the ideas which are privilege accepted to be sought-after beds for better ideas and intelligences which exist around the world, especially in an open sourced media and idealistic behavioral in the community of the child, thus, the idea of the freedom of speech and idealism of the dutifulness of serving the country it belongs to as being thoughtful as allowing the child to think freely and adopt what it feels like in the heart of its consciousness being left to do so as equally at any age of 15 for male or female whenever there are ideas and thoughts which will not interfere with the working firmness of the society, being seen as sacred, not regarding the thinking background so long as it will not interfere with the mentality of the mind and heart whenever there is any idea that will progress the working system which has nothing to do with the ethics or morals of the mind. Thus, what is the effect of the ethics of the heart and mind on what is seen in the mind or the work which every worker has to have and make sense of to be able to be â€Å"applicable† to the job? The question allows us the justification of an open community to have such ideas to be separable as ethical work and ethics outside the system of work (after-working-hours-ethics and during-working-hours-ethics). This allows the schizophrenic mentality of the worker, growing up since childhood to be something as familiar and as rightful to obtain whether ethically, psychologically (forcefully or not) as the environment has besought in differing between the working environment and the not working environment (home, friends, etc. ). hus, the idea of such ideas being split into halves are what is taught to the child since childhood, such as when answering the phone they are told not to tell X of the presence of Y so they wouldn’t have to speak to them, while, if the child asks Y to do that with Z, they are punished and are explained to as being â€Å"children who do not understand the way of the grown up living†. What hatches this problem is the child’s growing into teenage and having to make decisions based on what it imbued emotionally in its childhood age, now having to conflict with them seriously at an age which has to have them ready before entering the field of work they would like to fit themselves in, mostly listening to rock and metal and all sorts of music which have words which agree with that content in their brain which occurs in the heart of the mind of the emotional intelligence of the brain. Thus, the child is a victim of the idealism of what is right and wrong, according to what the society has them understand. Thus, whenever such a child goes to think of serious matters, the mind will immediately go to a singer who will choose words to rap (basically0 according to what that child feels especially that that child has something inside them leaning to have someone say that â€Å"they are correct†. Thus, if a superstar works in the political ideas field, most of the fans with ethical and political issues based o what their environment has put them through will have them speak of truly. Which brings the question up: is it true that ethics and politics is taught through music or is it reinforced through music? Both ideas and suppositions are perfectly correct for two reasons: first, the musical background sets as a pacemaker of the rhythmic pulsation of the heart while the brain works on enumerating the ideas which it accepts ( the idea that the heart is the pacemaker of the body while the mind is the intelligence headquarters which is allowed to work properly without any problematic functioning of discussions from the memory of the heart which is hypnotized by the repetitive beat of the song ( or the – with too many similarly sounding rhythms of many songs nowadays- beat of the song which is unchangeable while the song is spoken out) that helps the mind and heart to think what is the idea that is conveyed with the beat. Yet, it also supports the theory that idea actually are effective and affected by the type of beat the song rhymes the words through and into the listener’s heart. This is to say that not because a beat is repetitive that the music is properly conveying the idea of the song, but actually it depends on what each heart temperately tempers the temperament of the music words sung according to the mood of the song reflected through the beat of the rhyme. What happens then is the frequency of the understanding of ideas similar in beat or in word formation and phrasal idomacy † related to idomatics of the words spoken, especially when the music industry tends to use words out of context when they try to trun around meanings† which leads to the child’s understanding that the idea is not under-estimated as the parents and social background says it is, but, that certain ages also agree, expanded to races, ethnicities and etc. which allow the accumulation and culmination of thoughts into the prospectively up growing child who will become the political behaviorist of certain other ages (family wise, work wise, school wise, etc. which will only allow much more degeneration of ideas and language linguistically especially, alongside lexically, which will allow the mind and heart to think that these ideas are opinionatedly discoursed over and around which means that anybody could be right and anybody could be wrong and they b oth are correct and convincingly proper in how they handle their agreements or disagreements of the ideas spoken about depending on how the environment is and how they support themselves with or against it. It becomes the fight of life whenever such a child grows up to understand the belief of what such understanding is whenever there are ideas which grown into unanimity that these ideas are actually correct as equally as their possibility of being regarded and believed to be incorrect. Thus, what is the solution?  Solutions vary according to what is respected from emotional beliefs in children who could not speak properly of what is inside of them and those who speak out openly and vastly and ferociously 9 at times) based on their own capacities and capabilities as well as abilities which exist in the child. Thus, egoism of ethics and political teachings grow with the child according to who they see themselves as wrong, right and equals and unequals to them. This is to say that the more the child thinks they are able imaginatively to make their experiences their own guidelines for the security of ethics they have and their intellect then they will be no more than they could when they are speaking with others who are unable or will not be willing to show themselves as agreeing to them or that they actually are incorrect. This is to say that ethics grow according to what the child sees from experiences, such as the idea of gangs and bands and single MCs in the music industry, such are the expansions of teaching ethics and politics to children who are in environments where there are no â€Å"plan B’s† since plan b is actually a sophisticated understanding of where I agree to find myself to be after standing up moralistically to what my mind is, even though I am called crazy and unable to get my dreams , being better a † dreamer off of my dreams†. Thus, teaching ethics and political thinking to children is to give them the broadest lines possible for what is common in people’s changing ethics around them in a rapidly changing Mindy World. This in respect to the ethics which emotionally people go through, especially with the fact that they store their emotions as strong and powerful for the one goal in their life which is the idea of such understanding which exists in the thought of the world which makes sense of what is the idea of the world as being understood as being behaviorally immoralistic seeing that child as always incorrect and seeking relinquishment through their making their ideas dormant and working via the subconscious, a darker moodier way of working out the emotional intelligence which is the idea of the thought of what is true and what is false in the mind of the universe in whole, growing to believe that the world is a sick world where morals are left to scatter around and either disorder, misorder or destruct or re-build or build according to what such an idea is (moral-ethical-behavior-turned-through-politics). These reasons are what make the idea of such beliefs true, thus, teaching politics and how to handle political thoughts in the work of the sequence of people has the idea of what is the real world like, which is, obviously, not allowing me to grow and be true whenever there are ideas which support my theories of ethics and politics from home. Ideas are for everyone, especially when these ideas are commonly found in all theories of the world philosophically. Such philosophy is the idea of what goes on in everything, ever child grows to find there are common theories in the operations of everything and that they, whenever they try to make sense of the idea as changeable to correct in the mind of the others, thus, the ideas die away because simply that influential id in me has no place in the theory of the world if I am not of an influential position and with a strong political view. Thus, even politically regarding of the theologies of religions and theories which deal in the Creator’s existence grow up to be resolved under what I need in life which could not be afford to me except with the supernatural power of the creator’s being 9 however they may be like or be in existence as character, etc). Thus, the idea of teaching ethics to children as well as childhood political making decisions could be variating and unable to make sense in the child who will grow up mostly having them shattered in his or her mind as being invaluable at all, since such unity of the ideas does not disperse to form refractions of rainbows from a glass or crystal prism of ideas, which to the child is invisible and non-existent as there is o proof that colorlessness of a material could reflect colorful ideas and beliefs and practices, etc, since the belief that anything is colorless that refracts and disperses colors, actually is a fake Descartian thought of the secondary characteristics of objects which have to be proven with the theory † I think, therefore, I am† which needs to make me believe that I actually exist first to prove that I could think, since my thoughts are invaluable in my environment (community, society, school, etc) until some source which could provide me materialism wor th having anf fighting for in the world which is not massively produced for everyone unable (such as the comparison between plastic beads and golden jewelry for example), could be provided, thus, and only thus, I could believe that the Descartian theory of existence could be powerfully applied upon, to and by me and that Anatole France was correct to say : † Knowledge is Power†.

How The Web change learning over e-learning to Lifelong Learning Essay

How The Web change learning over e-learning to Lifelong Learning - Essay Example With Web 3.0 on the horizon, e-Learning 3.0, with its focus on content, is not very far away. The unprecedented development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) from the early Eighties revolutionized many fields of work and activity, including learning and education which has undergone radical changes. The coming of the Internet and the World Wide Web (WWW) introduced the concept of â€Å"learning anytime, anywhere and anyhow† [1]. Students and teachers could be geographically dispersed in what is termed a virtual classroom. Distance education was prefixed with ‘online’ to give what is now known as e-Learning. The roots of the present-day web can be traced back to the concept of hypertext and hypermedia which goes back to 1945 when Vannevar Bush introduced the concept of hypertext in a system called ‘memex’. Bush visualized a system in which the documents could be linked in a non-linear manner modeled after the associative nature of the human mind.[33] The same objective was echoed by Ted Nelson in 1987 when he envisaged â€Å"†¦a fast linking electronic repository for the storage and publication of text, graphics and other digital information; permitting promiscuous linkage and windowing among all materials; with special features for alternative versions, historical backtrack and arbitrary collaging†¦Ã¢â‚¬ in his Xanadu system [34], Conklin who spoke of inter-documentary links [35] and Rada [36] who dreamt of connecting text across document boundaries. Hypertext and hypermedia gave the Web its interactivity and navigational manoeuvrability. â€Å"†¦concept of ‘hypertext’ is the base of all the web evolution.†[31] Conventional learning has been restricted to the physical classroom in which the teacher teaches students according to a prescribed course and syllabi. The genesis of e-Learning can be found in the initial web sites that were developed by

Discussion - Pandemics and Epidemics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion - Pandemics and Epidemics - Essay Example Since then, various different types of H1N1 viruses have been causing pandemics across globe. It is caused by virus which spread fast. It can be spread by coughing or sneezing and therefore everyone is at risk. The major methods used for prevention is keeping nose and mouth covered with disinfectant cloth. It is advisable to keep indoor when pandemics occur. Schools are closed and avoid going to public places where one is more at risk. Anti vital drugs are also used during influenza pandemics which help to cope with disease. During pandemics, it is important that you build up your resistance through proper eating and nutritious intake of vitamins. Lots of boiled and filtered water should be taken. Indeed, total mortality rates of pandemics have huge adverse impact on population and health initiatives must be planned for such eventualities so that advance knowledge can restrain its spread to some

Face-Vase Illusion An Explanation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Face-Vase Illusion An Explanation - Essay Example Well, what do they do? Usually they draw a house and some trees in the foreground, with a field, sky and some birds flying, in the background. Ever wondered why children do not draw the picture of only a house, or only a tree, or a field or perhaps the sky only? Why do they choose to draw some things constituting the foreground and some things constituting the background in a picture? It would not be wrong to say that to a great extent, children do not do this deliberately, but in a way are naturally responding to the way human brain likes to perceive things. It is a psychologically valid fact that human brain has a natural tendency to differentiate between a foreground and a background, while perceiving things. Even when a flat picture is placed before the eyes, the human brain, responding to this natural tendency, tries to develop an idea of depth by establishing or identifying some things as foreground, while taking the other things to be constituting the background in that pictur e. This is the way it is. To explain as to why the brain does this may require a complex explanation. Yet, to explain the illusion under consideration, it will be appropriate to agree to the fact that human brain always sees things in terms of a foreground and a background.

The Art of Negotiation - cross-cultural negotions Essay

The Art of Negotiation - cross-cultural negotions - Essay Example Conversely, the approach takes into account cultural the degree of cultural differences when dealing with diverse teams. Identification of the level of cultural disparity implies that the strategy ensures that there is higher win-win potential. The negotiator of intra-cultural situations can use integrative bargaining to identify the level of differences in cultural beliefs, expectations, risk profiles, abilities, and values since these aspects of the team are crucial in expanding the pie (Goldman, & Shapiro, 2012). In addition, integrating cultural differences ensures that gains and benefits match different needs and expectation of the teams. Integrative bargaining is useful intra-cultural situations because it is a cooperative strategy to negotiations. The strategy advocates win-win situations or mutual gains since it entails searching for logical trade-offs and mutually profitable available options. One of the important considerations, when using the integrative bargaining strategy, is building a rapport with the parties (Larrick, & Wu, 2007). In this case, the negotiators engage in pre-negotiations where they focus on sharing more information, making fewer threats, developing more respect, and building trust within the team. The implication is that interaction before negotiations leads to building of trust and cooperation so as the team can share a common understanding of the issues, identify intra-cultural interests and invent solutions that satisfy all the teams. Interest-based bargaining strategy is one of the innovations in the field of negotiation as an improvement to other approaches like integrative bargaining (Larrick, & Wu, 2007). The strategy can benefit intra-cultural negotiation since it recommends that negotiators should act as problem solvers with abilities to find solutions to their mutual problems or other issues of mutual concern. The interest-based strategy has some underlying principles